Impi mayelana ne-Blocksize

Isivumelwano saseNew York

Ngomhla zingama-22 kuNhlaba wezi-2017, kwaba nomhlangano eNew York owawuhlelwe nguBarry Silbert, we-Digital Currency Group (DCG), owawuhloselwe ukuxazulula le ngxabano. UJihan Wu ubekhona. Lokhu kwaphumela kwesinye futhi isivumelwano. Idokhumenti elandelayo ebizwa ngokuthi yi-New York Agreement (NYA), yashicilelwa. Yayifundeka kanje:

Siyavuma ukusekela ngokushesha lokhu kuthuthukiswa okulandelayo okuhambisanayo kuphrothokholi ye-bitcoin, ezosetshenziswa kanyekanye futhi ngokusekelwe esihlokweni sokuqala se-Segwit2Mb:

Sebenzisa uFakazi Ohlukanisiwe ku-80% embundwini, obonisa ku-bit 4Sebenzisa i-hardfork engu-2 MB phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha

Sizibophezele futhi ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezindlela zobuchwepheshe zokuthuthukisa ukusayina emphakathini bitcoin, kanye nokubeka amathuluzi okuxhumana, ukuze sixhumane kakhulu nabahlanganyeli ekwakhiweni, ekuhlanganisweni, nasekusetshenzisweni kwezixazululo eziphephile. lokho kwandisa umthamo we-bitcoin.

Samukela zonke izinkampani, abavukuzi, abathuthukisi, nabasebenzisi ukuthi basijoyine futhi basize ekulungiseleleni ikusasa i-bitcoin._

Iqembu lezinkampani ezisayiniwe limele inqwaba ye-bitcoin. Kusukela ngoMeyi 25, leli qembu limele:

58 izinkampani ezitholakala emazweni angama-2283.28% wamandla we-hashing _5.1 bhiliyoni we-USD njalo ngenyanga ngevolumu yochungechunge lokuthengiselana. Amawalethi we-Bitcoin ayizigidi ezingu 20.5.

Ngokwehlukana, kusukela ngoMeyi 24, izinkampani ezilandelayo zizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni ngosizo lwezobuchwepheshe nobunjiniyela ukuze zihlole futhi zisekele isofthiwe yokuthuthukisa, kanye nokusiza izinkampani ngokulungiselela ukuthuthukiswa:

Abra | BitClub Network | Bitcoin.com | BitFury | BitGo | Bitmain | BitPay | Blockchain | Bloq | BTCC | Circle | Ledger | RSK Labs | Xapo

Uma ufisa ukunikezela ngosekelo lwezobuchwepheshe nobunjiniyela eqenjini lakho, sicela usazise futhi sizokufaka ohlwini olungenhla._

Isivumelwano sasisekelwe esiphakamisweni sangaphambilini ngoMashi 2017, esivela kumthuthukisi nomcwaningi weBitcoin uSergio Lerner. Umqondo wawuwukwenza kokubili i-SegWit kanye nokwenyusa usayizi we-hardfork ongeyena ufakazi ukuze kube ngu-2 MB. Ekhuluma nabantu abasondelene noBarry, kuthiwa lokhu kuwukuvumelana, abanye abantu befuna i-SegWit kanti abanye bafuna i-hardfork, ngakho-ke manje wonke umuntu angathola lokho akufunayo. Ngachazelwa ukuthi uBarry ukhathazekile ngokuthi inethiwekhi ifinyelele kwangqingetshe nokuthi kufanele kwenziwe okuthile ukuze kuqhubekele phambili. Isivumelwano ngokwaso kuthiwa sabhalwa isisebenzi se-DCG uMeltem Demirors. Lo mbhalo wawunikeze uJihan ithuba lokusindisa ubuso, indlela yokubhekana nokusongela okungase kube khona kwe-UASF, njengesivumelwano se-Litecoin ngenyanga edlule.

Inani kanye nokubaluleka kwabasayine isivumelwano bekumangalisa kakhulu. Sebebonke, bekunabasayini abangama-58 okuhlanganisa uGavin Andresen, iBitcoin.com kaRoger Ver, iBitmain kaJihan Wu kanye neCoinbase kaBrian Armstrong. Nakuba abaningi (abasayini abangu-33) bekuyizinkampani zephothifoliyo ye-DCG, kube nokwesekwa okusabalele ngaphandle kwaleli qembu futhi, kusukela ekushintshaneni okuningi kanye namachibi okumbiwa. Ngakho-ke, ababukeli abaningi esikhaleni baphetha ngokuthi inkinga ye-blocksize manje ekugcineni isixazululiwe nokuthi ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kwesivumelwano cishe kwakungenakugwenywa. Lesi sivumelwano sasiwukuketula umbuso okukhulu kanye nempumelelo yabavimbeli abakhulu, ngesikhathi lapho babebuthaka khona. Kubukeke njengenguquko enkulu kule ngxabano. Abavimbeli abakhulu bacishe behla futhi baphuma, kodwa manje sebeyekhuphuka ngokuzumayo futhi.

Kodwa-ke, abavimbeli abakhulu abazange bajabule ngokuphelele ngesivumelwano. Phela, yayihlanganisa neSegWit, into ababengazimisele ngayo kakhulu. Kodwa kubonakala sengathi yenza okuthile ababekufuna, okwakuwukuba "ukudubula i-Bitcoin Core". Lena yindlela uRoger Ver akubonisa ngayo ukusekela kwakhe. Wathi, nakuba engasithandi isivumelwano ngokwaso, okungenani sizosusa i-Bitcoin Core. Abanye abavimbeli abakhulu babonakale besolisa isivumelwano, futhi labo ababesekupheleni kwekamu elikhulu labavimbeli basiphikisa. Isivumelwano sizibophezele ukwenza i-SegWit isebenze ngaphambi kwe-hardfork, i-hardfork isebenze "zingakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha". Isivumelwano sathi i-hardfork ne-softfork "izosetshenziswa kanyekanye", kodwa ukuthi i-softfork izosebenza kuqala. Abanye abavimbeli abakhulu bebekhathazekile ngokuthi kungenzeka kube nesinyathelo sokuqala bese kuthi labo abasayinayo bakhiphe ibheyili esivumelwaneni, ngaphambi kokuthi kumiswe isinyathelo sesibili.

Ngokuqondene nabavimbeli abancane, kwakungekho ukumelwa kwabo eNew York, futhi imibono yabo ayizange ibonakale esivumelwaneni. Yayingekho imisho enezincazelo ezimbili noma izitatimende eziphikisanayo; kubonakala sengathi ibhalwe ngokuphelele ohlangothini olukhulu lwabavimbeli. Ngokuphawulekayo, isivumelwano asizange sibhekisele embonweni wokuthi abasebenzisi beBitcoin balawula iphrothokholi noma ukuthi ukusekelwa kwabasebenzisi kwakudingeka ngaphambi kokushintsha imithetho yephrothokholi. I-NYA ayizange iwukhiphe ngisho umlomo umlomo ukuthi abasebenzisi kufanele babe nezwi. Yabekwa njengoba izinkampani ezinkulu esikhaleni zibeka imithetho kubasebenzisi ngendlela ephuma phezulu. Ukube i-Bitcoin ibingasebenza kanjalo, izobukela phansi isiphakamiso senani eliwumongo lohlobo lwemali. Abasayini be-NYA ababonakalanga njengokubalulekile ukunxenxa nokunxenxa abasebenzisi ngaphambi kokuvula imfoloko. Esikhundleni salokho, kuzwakale njengokusongela.

Kanye nokubukela phansi isiphakamiso senani eliyinhloko le-Bitcoin, lokhu bekuphinde kube amaqhinga amabi. Abasebenzisi beBitcoin babefuna ukuzizwa belawula futhi babengathandi ukutshelwa ukuthi benzeni. Ngakho-ke, i-NYA yazizwa njengempinda ye-Bitcoin XT, i-Bitcoin Classic ne-Bitcoin Unlimited. Benze amaphutha afanayo futhi, ngaphandle kwalokhu ngokusekelwa okwengeziwe kwemboni. Okukodwa okuqaphelekayo, nokho, ukuthi amagama amaningana abaluleke kakhulu nakhulayo embonini ayengasayini i-NYA. Okuphawuleka kakhulu ngokungabikho kwayo kwakuyi-Bitfinex, mhlawumbe inkampani ebaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho ngaleso sikhathi. I-Bitcoins yasendaweni (ukushintshaniswa okukhulu kwe-P2P ngaleso sikhathi), i-Poloniex, i-BitMEX kanye nechibi lezimayini i-Slush nazo zazingekho ngokuphawulekayo.

Isigaba esilula sesivumelwano sokuthi abavimbeli abancane bahlukaniseke lapho bekuthi khona “Vumela UFakazi Ohlukanisiwe ku-80% embundwini, esayina ku-bit 4”. Lokhu kwaba nomqondo omncane, njengoba i-SegWit ivulwe kusetshenziswa i-bit 1, hhayi kancane 4. Abavukuzi bangahlaba umkhosi besebenzisa i-bit 4, nokho lokhu ngeke kusebenze i-SegWit. Ngokusobala, ngokusekelwe ekukhulumeni nomuntu othile owayekhona emhlanganweni, u-Jihan wayephikelele kuleli phuzu, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi wayesecindezelwe izinyanga ukuthi ahlabe umkhosi usekelo lwe-SegWit esebenzisa i-bit 1 futhi wayengafuni ukungena ezimisweni ezincane zokuvimba. Kodwa-ke, ukuvula i-SegWit usebenzisa le bit akwenzekanga ngakho-ke bekungacaci kahle ukuthi kuzokwenzekani.

Cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokushicilelwa kwe-NYA, ngoMeyi 22, 2017, i-Bitcoin kanye nomthuthukisi wesofthiwe yezimayini uJames Hillard bahlongoze isixazululo kule nkinga encane engu-4, ebizwa nge-BIP 91:

Ngithanda ukuphakamisa ukuqaliswa okufeza ingxenye yokuqala yesiphakamiso sika-Barry Silbert ngaphandle kwesesibili:

“Sebenzisa UFakazi Ohlukanisiwe ku-80% embundwini, obonisa ku-bit 4”

Umgomo lapha uwukunciphisa ubungozi bokuhlukaniswa kweketango kanye nokuphazamiseka kwenethiwekhi kuyilapho kukhulisa ukuhambisana okubuyela emuva futhi kusahlinzeka ngokusebenza ngokushesha kwe-segwit kumkhawulo ongu-80% kusetshenziswa i-bit 4._

Ngokuvula i-segwit ngokushesha futhi ngokuhlukana nanoma iyiphi i-HF singakala ngokushesha ngaphandle kokufaka engozini i-segwit+HF ehlanganisiwe esheshayo engacishe ibangele izinkinga ezisabalele.

UJames uhlongoze ukuthi i-SegWit izosebenza ngezigaba ezimbili, ngama-softforks amabili. I-softfork yokuqala izosebenza kusetshenziswa umkhawulo wokusayinda wamaphesenti angu-80 oshiwo ku-NYA futhi izokwenza ukusayinda kwe-SegWit nge-bit 1 kube yimpoqo. Lokhu kuzobese kuvula i-softfork yokugcina, i-SegWit ngokwayo. Lokhu kuphinde kwenza ukuthuthukiswa kuhambisane ne-BIP 148 (i-UASF), ngoba lokhu kuphinde kwenza ukusayina kwe-SegWit nge-bit 1 kube yimpoqo. Eqinisweni, i-BIP91 yabhalwa bobabili uJames Hillard kanye noShaolinfry, umbhali we-BIP 148. Ekugcineni, iklayenti lakhululwa, elibizwa ngokuthi i-Segsignal, okwakufakwe i-Bitcoin Core epeshiselwe ukusekela i-BIP 91. I-BIP 91 yayinolaka futhi ishesha kakhulu. thuthukisa indlela, yenza kusebenze uma u-269 evimba usekelo oluhlatshwe umkhosi kumawindi angama-336 wamabhulokhi, ukubekezela okungamaphesenti angu-80.

Ngokuqondene neklayenti esebenzisa i-NYA ngokugcwele, kwavela ngokushesha ukuthi lokhu kuzobizwa ngokuthi i-BTC1 futhi umthuthukisi oholayo uzoba uJeff Garzik, owayehlongoze u-Satoshi ukuthi akhulise umkhawulo we-blocksize emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokuthi ibekwe okokuqala ngo-2010. UJeff ucelwe ukuthi enze i-BTC1 ihambisane ne-BIP 91 futhi ivule i-SegWit nge-bit 1, bephikisana ngokuthi, ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, ukwenza kusebenze nge-bit 4 kwakuwumbhedo. Ekuqaleni, uJeff wenqaba, nakuba ukucabanga kwakhe kwakubonakala kudidekile.

NgoMeyi 29, kwaputshuzwa i-imeyili evela ku-CEO ye-BitGo, uMike Belshe. Yayiqukethe uhlelo nomugqa wesikhathi we-NYA. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi, nakuba i-BitGo ibhalwe ku-NYA njengenye yezinkampani ezihlinzeka ngosizo lobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni, abazange basayine isivumelwano ngokwabo. Isivumelwano saze sasho phansi: “Qaphela: I-BitGo ifakwe ngephutha kulolu hlu lokuqala olushicilelwe. Lokhu sekulungisiwe.” Kusukela ekukhulumeni nabasebenzi abathile be-BitGo, kuwukuqonda kwami ukuthi babecele ukuthi inkampani isuswe, becabanga ukuthi umgcini kanye nomprosesa wokukhokha kufanele esikhundleni sokungathathi hlangothi futhi asekele izinhlangothi zombili zokuhlukaniswa. Kunoma ikuphi, i-imeyili eputshuziwe ibiqukethe umugqa wesikhathi ohlongozwayo, okuhlanganisa ukukhishwa kwe-alpha kwesofthiwe, ukwethulwa kwe-testnet kanye nokusayinda ukuze kuqale ngoJulayi 21.

Abaningi emphakathini we-Bitcoin babethukuthele ukuthola ukuthi intuthuko nezinhlelo zeklayenti le-NYA zazenzeka ngasese hhayi ohlwini lwamakheli omphakathi. I-Bitcoin bekufanele ibe uhlelo oluvulekile, ngaphansi kokuhlolwa okuvulekile. Uhlu lwamameyili ayimfihlo olushayela ukukhishwa koshintsho lokuvumelana lwalubhekwa njengeliphikisana neBitcoin. Kodwa-ke, isizathu sokuba kwenziwe ngasese sasicacile: uma lokhu kwenziwa esidlangalaleni, abavimbeli abancane ngokungangabazeki babezokhetha izimbobo kulokho abakwenzayo, okwenza isiphakamiso sabo sibonakale sibuthakathaka. I-SegWit yayiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi elinye iqembu lalizama ukuyikhipha ngokuqonda okulinganiselwe ngayo. Ngokuhlomula kokubheka emuva, ukwenza ingxenye enkulu yenqubo ngemuva kweminyango evaliwe kwakuyiphutha, njengoba ukuntuleka kokucubungula kubonakala kubangela amaphutha amaningi.

Ekupheleni kukaMeyi 2017, ingcindezi ku-Jeff ebangelwa ukuqaliswa kwe-SegWit engahambelani, nge-bit 4, yayinkulu. Abavimbeli abancane kanye nabahlanganyeli be-Dragon's Den baqaphela ukuthi lokhu kwakuyiphutha elikhulu kuklayenti le-BTC1 futhi, uma bencenga uJeff ukuthi enze lolu shintsho futhi amukele i-BIP 91, i-SegWit ingase isebenze ku-Bitcoin ekugcineni. Ngemuva kokwenza kusebenze, abavimbeli abancane bangasebenza ukumisa ingxenye yesibili ye-NYA, i-hardfork. Inkundla yezokuxhumana ibigcwele ukuphawula mayelana nokuthi uJeff wayephazamisa futhi engabambisani kanjani ngokwenqaba ukusebenzisa i-BIP 91, futhi ibhokisi lakhe lokungenayo laligcwele izimfuno ezifanayo kanye nezinsolo ezivela kuwo wonke umphakathi wezobuchwepheshe.

Ekugcineni, ngo-June 5, 2017, uJeff wawela ngaphansi kwengcindezi futhi wafaka i-BIP 91 kuklayenti lakhe le-BTC1. Abavimbeli abancane base beyitholile indlela yabo; iklayenti le-NYA manje seliqalise i-UASF. Ngaphakathi kweDragons' Den, bekunemigubho enesasasa.

Indlea yokuvula i-hardfork nayo yashintsha kuleli phuzu; i-hardfork kuklayenti le-BTC1 manje kwase kuthiwa izosebenza ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu i-SegWit icushiwe (uma, ngempela, i-SegWit yayizoke isebenze), kunezinyanga eziyisithupha kamuva. Kodwa-ke, angikwazanga ukuqonda ukuthi ikhodi iwusebenzise kanjani umqondo wokwenza kusebenze, futhi kwaba nokudideka okukhulu mayelana nemininingwane yesikhathi sokwenza kusebenze i-hardfork. Lesi sikhathi sezinyanga ezintathu sasiyingxenye yezinyanga eziyisithupha ezishiwo ku-NYA, eyaqala ukusetshenziswa ezinguqulweni zakuqala zeklayenti le-BTC1. Kusukela ekukhulumeni nabanye abangaphakathi be-BTC1, ngathola ukuthi isizathu salolu shintsho ngokusobala kwakuwukunikeza abantu isikhathi esincane sokuhlehla ku-hardfork uma i-SegWit isicushiwe, okuzosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-hardfork yenzeka. Lokhu kwakubonakala kimi njengendlela engalungile engenza ukuthi isigaba se-hardfork sibe nzima kakhulu ukusikhipha, njengoba manje abasekeli be-hardfork banesikhathi esifushane sokuthonya abasebenzisi ukuthi bathuthukise (izinyanga ezintathu esikhundleni sezinyanga eziyisithupha).

Ngokuqondene neklayenti le-BTC1, libonakale ligcwele iziphazamisi, ngisho nangemva kokusebenzisa i-BIP 91. UJeff kungenzeka ukuthi akazange ayiqonde i-SegWit futhi wenze amaphutha athile ngongqimba lontanga kuya kontanga lwe-SegWit, oludinga ukufaka okwengeziwe ukuze kulungiswe. Futhi, ngokuphawulekayo, njengoba othile abonisa ku-imeyili ngo-June 14, iklayenti le-BTC1 alizange lisebenzise ukukhushulwa komkhawulo we-hardfork blocksize. Iklayenti ligcine ikepisi lesisindo samayunithi ayizigidi ezine, ebelingavimbela i-hardfork futhi liqinisekise ukuthi umkhawulo we-blocksize awunyuki. Kubonakala sengathi uJeff akakaze awuqonde umkhawulo omusha we-SegWit: khumbula, wayecabange ukuthi i-SegWit inemikhawulo emibili. Kuphela ngemva kokuba lokhu kubonisiwe, thumela ukukhululwa kwenguqulo yokuqala ye-BTC1, empeleni yasebenzisa i-hardfork. Kubonakale kunzima kubalandeli beNYA ukuphinda kabili into abebengayiqondi.

UJeff futhi ubengaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu yokwengeza ukuvikelwa kokubuyekezwa kuklayenti le-BTC1, nokho wakuphikisa lokhu. Umqondo wawungekona ukuthi i-BTC1 izodala uhlamvu lwemali olusha, kodwa ukuthi kwakuzoba nohlamvu lwemali olulodwa kuphela ngemva kokuthuthukiswa, futhi ukuze uchungechunge lwemithetho yokuqala lufe ngandlela thile ngenxa yokwesekwa okukhulu kweketango elisha. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Ethereum kwe-2016 kwakungumlando wasendulo manje futhi abavimbeli abaningi abakhulu babonakala bekhohliwe ngakho. Ngakho-ke, engqondweni yabasekeli be-NYA, ukuvikelwa kokubuyekezwa kwakungadingekile. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwakuyimpinda yezingxabano ezifanayo ezazilokhu zijikeleza futhi zijikeleza iminyaka; abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi uchungechunge lwemithetho yasekuqaleni lungase luphumelele ngakho-ke ukuvikelwa kokudlala kabusha kwakudingeka. NgoJuni 14, uSergio Lerner, i-NYA eyayisekelwe phezu kwesiphakamiso sakhe, waphonsa isisindo sakhe ekuvikelweni k. Ngalesi sikhathi, uJeff wayengaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu evela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi:

Kunamaqembu amabili abantu anemibono emibili ehlukene ngeBitcoin. Awukho kule mibono “ongalungile”. Iqembu elilodwa lazisa kakhulu izinto ezifana nokwahlukaniswa, ukuntuleka kukahulumeni, ukumelana nokuhlolwa, ukungaziwa. Leli qembu licabanga ukuthi i-Bitcoin izoguqula umhlaba wethu eminyakeni engama-20-30. Ukuze ufinyelele lo mgomo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunamathela kulawo magugu. Akukho ukuxhamazela. Elinye iqembu lazisa izinto eziningi njengokufinyelela abasebenzisi abayisigidigidi eminyakeni emi-5 ezayo, noma ukunikeza abasebenzisi bangempela abangabhanga namuhla, ngisho noma lokho kudinga isivumelwano sezepolitiki manje. Yomibili le mibono inokufaneleka kwayo. Kodwa azihambisani. Ukuvikelwa kokudlala kabusha kunikeza ithuba kuma "bitcoiners" ukuthi baphushe umbono wabo ngokugcwele. Yomibili imibono ingaba khona kanyekanye.(sic)

NgoJuni 16, 2017, abavukuzi babe nomunye futhi umhlangano oyindilinga. Cishe wonke amachibi amakhulu ezimayini ayekhona. Emhlanganweni abavukuzi bavumelana ngokuthi bazokweseka iNYA.

Ukukhishwa kokuqala kwe-BTC1 akubanga naso isivikelo sokucisha futhi, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuqaleni kwale ncwadi, ukuphushela i-hardfork ephikisanayo ngaphandle kokuvikela ukusula kufana nokuya empini ubophe izandla zakho ngamabomu ngemuva. NgoMeyi 2017, ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe mibili yokulwela ama-harfork, u-Jihan Wu wagcina efinyelele kulokhu futhi wayesephushele ukuvikelwa kokucishwa. U-Jihan ubeseke ukuvikela ukucisha ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngoMeyi 12, 2017:

Njengoba kuwushintsho olubaluleke kakhulu lomthetho wokuvumelana osekuxoxwe ngawo iminyaka emi-4, singangeza omunye umthetho wokuvumelana kokuthi futhi KUPHELA ekuphakameni kwemfoloko, usayizi webhulokhi KUMELE ube mkhulu kune-Byte engu-1,000,000. Kuyindlela elula futhi eqondile yokuvikela i-re-org.

Njengoba ingcindezi kuJeff ikhula, futhi kubonakala sengathi i-NYA hardfork ingase ibe nengxabano kunalokho abagqugquzeli bayo ababekucabange ekuqaleni, wavuma ukwengeza ukuvikelwa kokucisha. U-Jihan wayekhuthaze u-Jeff ukuthi engeze lesi sici ku-BTC1 futhi, ngo-June 20, uJeff walalela. Kunokuba imane ivumele amabhulokhi ukuthi abe makhulu kuno-1 MB ngemva kwe-hardfork, i-BTC1 manje ibidinga ukuthi ibhulokhi yokuqala ibe ngaphezu kuka-1 MB, indlela eyisisekelo yokuvikela ukusula.

Kucelwe ngabakwa-Bitmain kanye ne-BU ukuthi basebenzise isici esilwa nokusula; mina namanye amalungu e-WG sivumelane ngesizathu esibanzi sokudala ukuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi okubikezelwe kakhudlwana.

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Ukulandelana okujwayelekile kwe-HF ukuthi imfoloko yenethiwekhi yenzeka *ngomhla noma ngemva* koshintsho lomthetho we-HF, lapho umvukuzi edala ibhulokhi yokuqala enkulu kuno-1M. Kuhlongozwa ukuthi kuqiniswe lokhu ukuze ibhulokhi ye-HF *kumele ibe* ibe nkulu kuno-1M ebhulokhini lapho kushintsha umthetho. Lokhu kwenza umcimbi ubikezelwe ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi imfoloko yenzeka ngqo ku-bhulokhi X.

Lesi sici sisetshenziswe kabi futhi, ngoJulayi 11, 2017, i-BTC1 testnet ihlukaniswe kabili. Kubonakale sengathi othile ombiwe i-testnet uvimbele izikhathi ezingama-50 ngokushesha kunokulindelekile, evula i-hardfork kusenesikhathi. Bese, ngenxa yesiphazamiso sokuthi umthetho ‘omkhulu kuno-1 MB’ wasetshenziswa kanjani, izinguqulo ezintsha ze-BTC1, ebezidinga ukuthi ibhulokhi yokuqala ibe ngaphezu kuka-1 MB, ihlukaniselwe kuketango elihlukile kuneklayenti elidala le-BTC1. Lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi ibhulokhi yokuqala ibingekho ngaphezu kuka-1 MB njengoba bekungekho ukuthengiselana okwanele. Lesi siphazamisi nokuhlukaniswa kwaphinde kwaxhashazwa abavimbeli abancane ukuze kuboniswe ukuthi i-BTC1 yayiyiklayenti elibuthakathaka nelinamaphutha. Ithimba le-BTC1 lazivikela ngokubonisa ukuthi lokhu yikho i-testnet eyayenzelwe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwalifanekisa iphuzu: I-BTC1 yayizama ukuguqula imithetho yokuvumelana ye-Bitcoin ngeshejuli esheshayo nengenangqondo futhi, ngalesi sikhathi esifushane, ikhiphe amakhasimende amaningi, ayevele awahambisani nawo ngokwawo ngenxa yezimbungulu nezinye izinguquko ngomzuzu wokugcina. .

Ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, cishe amaphesenti angu-80 kuya kwangu-95 abavukuzi (ngamandla e-hash) ayehlanganisa izinhlamvu ezithi “NYA” emabhuloki ababewamba, futhi i-NYA yayibukeka sengathi isendaweni yokuyala. Nokho, cishe abekho abasebenzisi abebesebenzisa i-BTC1 noma i-Segnet (ingxenye yokuqala ye-NYA kuphela); ukutholwa kwase kusondele ku-zero. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhwebelana okukhulu engikhulume ngakho kwakungasebenzisi i-BTC1, i-Segnet noma iklayenti le-BIP 148; bebevele besebenzisa i-Bitcoin Core. Ngakho-ke umbono wawubonakala ungaqinisekile kakhulu.

Eqinisweni, abavukuzi kanye namachibi ezimayini engikhulume nawo nabo bebengasebenzisi i-BTC1, naphezu kwamafulegi e-NYA. Maphakathi noJulayi 2017, ngakhuluma nabantu emachibini amabili okumayini abasayine i-NYA kanye nesivumelwano esisha sokuqoqa izimayini ngoJuni 2017. Ukuchaza nje, uma umvukuzi eqhuba i-BTC1, kufanele ngokuzenzakalelayo kuleli phuzu ifulegi. kokubili bit 4 kanye bit 1; uma i-softfork yokuqala isicushiwe, i-bit 1 izoba yisibopho futhi isebenze i-SegWit. Laba bavukuzi bangitshele ukuthi abalithembi iklayenti le-BTC1 ngakho-ke baqhuba i-Segnet noma i-Bitcoin Core. Labo abasebenzisa i-Bitcoin Core babefaka ngesandla ifulegi le-NYA futhi baluma u-4 kanye/noma kancane 1. Ngaziswa ukuthi lokhu kwakuyimfihlo ephezulu nokuthi lokhu kwabelwane nami ngokuqiniseka; esidlangalaleni, bekubalulekile ukukhombisa ukwesekwa kwe-BTC1 kanye ne-NYA, abavukuzi bachaza.

NgoJulayi 20, uJihan wabhala ku-Twitter ukuthi i-Bitmain yayisebenzisa i-BTC1; ngaphandle, ngaleli phuzu, uphinde wathi i-Bitmain iguqule isofthiwe ukuze isuse ifulegi elingu-1. U-Jihan ubonakale ezimisele ngokubambelela kuze kube umzuzu wokugcina ngaphambi kokwenza i-SegWit isebenze, eqinisekisa ukuthi ayisebenzi ngaphambi kokuthi ukuyivotela kube yimpoqo.

Bitmain isebenzisa isofthiwe ye-btc1 kodwa silungisa ukuze sivote kuphela ku-bit 4 kuphela kulesi sigaba.

Ukuhlaba umkhosi ngokusobala bekuyisiphithiphithi, abavukuzi bebehlaba umkhosi kuyo yonke indawo, bedukisa abasebenzisi ngalokho abebegijima ngempela. Amachibi ayebonisa ukusekelwa kwe-NYA ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-BTC1, isibonelo. U-Bitmain naye wayengomunye wabenzi bobubi kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlaba umkhosi ngamanga. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Antpool (ichibi lezimayini le-Bitmain) imakwe kancane okungu-4 ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwe-alpha kwe-BTC1, okubonisa ukuthi isebenzisa iklayenti elalingakatholakali. Ngisho nangoJulayi 2017, i-Bitmain yayisahlaba umkhosi ukusekelwa kwe-Bitcoin Unlimited, lapho le nodi ingakaqali ukusebenzisa i-BTC1 noma i-SegWit, ngakho-ke amafulegi abo ayephikisana.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi 2017, i-Bitmain yagcina ihlabe umkhosi nge-bit 1, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi komnqamulajuqu. Abavimbeli abancane bejabule. Ngemva komkhankaso onzima, ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-10 ngemva kokukhululwa kwe-SegWit, umvukuzi omkhulu kunabo bonke esikhaleni wagcina ehlabe umkhosi ngokuyisekela. Iningi labavimbeli abancane lalikholelwa ukuthi lokhu kwakungeke kwenzeke. Ukwenza kusebenze kwe-SegWit manje ekugcineni kubonakale kungenzeka.

Umkhawulo ongamaphesenti angu-80 we-BIP 91 wabe usufinyelelwa ekugcineni, futhi wavalwa ngoJulayi 21, 2017. Ngokwalo mthetho omusha we-softfork wesikhashana, abavukuzi babe sebedingeka ukuthi bahlabe umkhosi ukusekelwa kwe-SegWit kusukela ngomhla zingama-26 kuJulayi 2017. Njengoba lolo suku lwalusondela, abanye abasebenzisi be-Bitcoin babekhathazekile ngengozi ephakeme. Uma kungebona bonke abavukuzi abathobelayo, kungase kube nezinkinga zenethiwekhi. Kodwa-ke, usuku lwafika futhi bonke abavukuzi bathobela, bahlaba umkhosi kancane 1. Kwakungekho ukuhlukaniswa kweketango futhi i-SegWit yagcina ivaliwe, futhi yasebenza kunethiwekhi ye-Bitcoin. Ngale ngxubevange yobuhlanya nobunkimbinkimbi bezikhathi zomnqamulajuqu ezihlanganayo nezindlela zokuvula, bekucishe kungenzeki ukulandelela okwakwenzeka. Kwakubonakala sengathi njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kunohlobo oluthile lwendlela yokusebenzisa noma umnqamulajuqu. Uma ufunde le ncwadi kuze kube manje, kungase kubonakale kuwe ukuthi ngangikhathazeke kakhulu ngalokhu kungqubuzana, ukusho okungenani; nokho, ngalesi sikhathi, ngisho nami ngakuthola kuyinselele ukugcina umkhondo walokho okwakwenzeka.

I-BIP 91 yenziwe yasebenza ngaphambi nje komnqamulajuqu we-BIP 148 wango-Agasti 1, 2017, ishiya igebe elincane, lezinsuku ezinhlanu phakathi kokuthi i-BIP 91 yenza ukuhlaba umkhosi kwe-SegWit kube yimpoqo nalapho i-UASF izokwenza okufanayo. Lokhu kusondelana kwabonakala kubonisa ukuthi usongo lwe-UASF lusebenzile. Iqiniso lokuthi i-UASF yaphumelela kwaba impumelelo eyisimangaliso. Ukunqoba kwesimanje kukaDavide vs Goliyathi. I-UASF ayizange isetshenziswe ekukhishweni kwe-Bitcoin Core, futhi abanye abathuthukisi be-Bitcoin Core abanethonya kakhulu babeyiphikisa ngokusobala.

Ngomoya wangempela we-Bitcoin kanye nomdali wayo ongaziwa, uSatoshi, i-UASF ayizange ivele emhlanganweni osemthethweni, ovaliwe, ohlangene phakathi kwabadlali abakhulu. Kunalokho, ikhishwe obala futhi yakhuthazwa umthuthukisi ongaziwa, uShaolinfry. Ngandlela thize, umuntu oyedwa ongaziwa, abalandeli abambalwa abaqinile emazingeni aphansi kanye nezigqoko ezimbalwa ezazithunywe uSamson Mow, babebhekane ngqo nebhizinisi elibiza izigidigidi zamadola (Bitmain) elisekelwa amanye amabhizinisi amaningi osonhlamvukazi, futhi bawina. Ngikhumbula ngicabanga ukuthi into efana naleyo kungenzeka kuphela Bitcoin. Kwakuyinkundla yempi eBitcoin eyayihlukile ngakho-ke umuntu angathola imiphumela engavamile.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-BIP 91 kwakukude nokuphelele kusukela endaweni yokubuka encane yomvimbeli; kwakushesha kakhulu, amafasitela okuvota amabhulokhi angu-336 amafushane ayemancane kakhulu (izinsuku ezingu-2.33 nje ubude), ukusayinda okuphoqelekile kwabavukuzi kwakuyingozi futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, abavukuzi kuphela ababesebenzisa i-BIP 91, okwenza ukuthuthukiswa kwaba nzima ngendlela emangalisayo. Bekungaholela ekutheni abavukuzi kanye nabasebenzisi bashiywe emaketangeni ahlukene. Noma ngabe le nqubo yayingcolile futhi iyingozi kangakanani, abavimbeli abancane base beyitholile indlela yabo: I-SegWit yayisicushiwe, futhi i-UASF yabonakala iphoqa izandla zikaJihan. Manje sebengagxila ekumiseni isigaba sesibili se-NYA, i-hardfork.

Abavimbeli abakhulu babethukuthele ngenxa yalezi zenzakalo. Omunye wabavimbeli abakhulu abavelele wangitshela mathupha ukuthi "izigqoko eziyisiphukuphuku ze-UASF zisebenzile" futhi waphoqa abavukuzi ukuthi bavule i-SegWit. Wayekhungathekiswe ikakhulukazi ukuthi konke lokhu kwenzekile ngaphambi kuka-August 1; ukube kwenzekile ngemuva kwalolo suku, ukulandisa okukhulu kwabavimbeli ukuthi i-NYA yenze ukuthi i-SegWit isebenze, hhayi i-UASF, bekuyoba namandla kakhulu. Abavimbeli abakhulu bezwa ukuthi izingxenye ezeqisayo zenhlangano encane yokuvimba zithathe izintambo ze-Bitcoin futhi zenza okuthile ababengajabule ngakho kakhulu. Babonakala bedangele ngeBitcoin ngalesi sikhathi, futhi abazange bakhathazwe ngisho nesigaba sesibili se-NYA.

Kimina kwabonakala sengathi mhlawumbe u-Jihan uphuthelwe iqhinga lapha. Wayengalinda ukuthi kudlule umnqamulajuqu ka-Agasti 1, wabe esevula i-SegWit ku-Bitcoin. Lokhu bekuzokwenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukuthi abavimbeli abancane basekele iketango le-BIP 148, njengoba i-SegWit izobe isebenze kwelinye iketango noma kunjalo. U-Jihan ubesengaphikisa ukuthi uyinqobile i-UASF. Kodwa-ke, uJihan wakhetha ukungakwenzi lokhu futhi isizathu sabonakala sengathi i-UASF iyasebenza. U-Jihan wayesaba ukuhlukaniswa ngamaketango, mhlawumbe walinganisela ngokweqile amandla abaphikisi bakhe, futhi wavumela ingcindezi.

Njengoba i-SegWit icushiwe, abavimbeli abancane babekhululekile kakhulu ukuqhubekela phambili ngeketango labo, i-Bitcoin. Kodwa-ke, kwakusenenkinga yokuthi izinkampani eziningi ezibalulekile esikhaleni, ikakhulukazi ezizinze e-US kanye nezisekelwe yi-VC, bezibophezele ekukhuphuleni i-hardfork blocksize. Babengafuni lokhu kube uhlamvu lwemali olusha, oluhlukile; babefuna lokhu kube yiBitcoin. Ukuthola lezi zinkampani ukuthi zihlehle kubukeka kungase kube nzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke impi ye-blocksize yaqhubeka. Le hardfork yayizokwenzeka ezinyangeni ezintathu nje, futhi inkundla yempi yayishuba.