Impi mayelana ne-Blocksize
Itafula eYindilinga (Roundtable) yeHong Kong
Ngo-February 20, 2016, ngangihamba ngezinyawo emagqumeni azungeze i-Hong Kong neqembu labangane. Ntambama, ngangisanda kufika esicongweni se-Lionโs Rock futhi ngangijabulela umbono omangalisayo waseHong Kong, isiqhingi sisekude. Ngenkathi ngilinde lonke iqembu ukuthi lingijoyine, ngabheka ifoni yami ngaphequlula i-subreddit /r/btc ngase ngihlangabezana nokuthunyelwe mayelana nomhlangano e-Hong Kong phakathi kwabavukuzi nabathuthukisi ukuze kuxoxwe ngokukala kwe-Bitcoin.[1] Ngibheka kwesinye sezithombe, indawo ibonakale ifana ne-Scaling II, i-Hong Kong Cyberport. Ngimagange ukuthi ngingaphuthelwa, ngehla ngokushesha intaba ngiyogibela itekisi ngiqonde ngqo endaweni, ngingakalindeli nokuthi bonke abasephathini yami bafike esicongweni. Angimenywanga emcimbini, kodwa uma bekuxoxwa ngemithetho yephrothokholi futhi okungenzeka kunqunywe ngayo, futhi i-Bitcoin iyinethiwekhi evulekile, ngicabange ukuthi nginelungelo eliningi lokuba khona ukuze ngibone imicimbi njenganoma ubani omunye. Impela, angikwazanga ukukhishwa? Lokho bekungeke kube ukulunga! Ngalesi simo sengqondo sokuzethemba, ngathatha indlela yami yokuya emcimbini.
Ngafika ngabo 4pm. Kwakwenzeka ekamelweni elincane, cishe elinabantu abangu-30 kuya ku-40, bonke behlangene ngamaqembu amancane futhi bexoxa buthule. Onjiniyela abavela e-US bebexoxa ekhoneni elilodwa, no-Adam Back nabavukuzi bexoxa bodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi lwegumbi. Phakathi konjiniyela ababekhona kwakukhona u-Cory Fields wase-US (owayevame ukusebenza noGavin e-Bitcoin Foundation), u-Johnson Lau (umthuthukisi ozinze e-Hong Kong, owabhala ngokuhlanganyela i-SegWit), u-Luke Dashjr, u-Matt Corallo (ozinze e-US. unjiniyela kanye nomsunguli weBlockstream) noPeter Todd. Ukuxoxa nabathuthukisi, bangitshele ukuthi babeze eHong Kong ukuze bafundise abavukuzi ngeBitcoin futhi babe nengxoxo yobungane. Baphinde bafuna ukuncenga abavukuzi ukuthi bangasebenzisi i-Bitcoin Classic. Nokho, abanye babavukuzi babeyithanda kakhulu i-hardfork futhi babesabise ngokushintshela ku-Bitcoin Classic.
Kwacaca ukuthi isimo sishubile ekamelweni. Ngibe sengidlulela ngakolunye uhlangothi lwegumbi. U-Jihan Wu kanye noMicree Zhan, abasunguli ababili be-Bitmain, babehlezi etafuleni eduze komunye nomunye, bezungezwe abanye abalingiswa abambalwa abavela embonini yezimayini ababencike kungxoxo. U-Jihan ubonakale ecasukile kakhulu, futhi ababemzungezile babemfuna ehlise umoya. Kungazelelwe, uJihan washo into efana nalena: โSizokweseka Okwakudala; I-Core izokwenza i-hardfork, noma sizoyishiya i-Core!" Labo ababeseduze noJihan bonke babebukeka bekhathazekile base bezama ukumehlisa umoya futhi. Ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, izinkulumo zase zizoqala futhi.
Izinqubo ziqale ngokuthi u-Jihan amemezele ngokuzwakalayo ukuthi abavukuzi bazokwenza i-hardfork ku-2 MB. "Uma i-Bitcoin Core ifuna ukuba yingxenye ye-Bitcoin, idinga ukwenza le hardfork," esho. Omunye wabathuthukisi wabe esephendula ngokuthi i-SegWit "yayisivele i-2 MB futhi i-Bitcoin Core yayisebenza ku-SegWit". โCha!โ U-Jihan umemezele, "sidinga i-hardfork ku-2 MB, hhayi i-SegWit." Umqondo wokukhungatheka ekamelweni wawuphezulu kakhulu; konke lokhu kwakushiwo ngokucacile ngaphambi kokuba ngifike, futhi babeziphindaphinda. Izingxoxo zaqhubeka amahora ambalwa ngaphezulu, zijikeleza futhi ziyimibuthano. Kwacaca ukuthi abantu abathembani.
Zombili izinhlangothi zazibonakala zivuma ukuthi lokhu kungaqiniseki okuzungeze i-Classic kanye ne-hardfork kwakungalungile ku-Bitcoin. Kwabonakala kuvela umbono wokuthi kungaba kuhle kuBitcoin uma wonke umuntu okhona evumelana futhi amemezele uhlelo. Ngikhumbula ngizwa othile ethi lokhu kuzodambisa izimakethe futhi kwenyuse intengo. Uma kukhona into eyodwa wonke umuntu evumelana ngaso sonke isikhathi, kwakuyisifiso sentengo ephakeme ye-Bitcoin. Ngakho-ke, kwavela inhloso yokuvumelana ngombhalo ozoshicilelwa ochaza indlela eya phambili ye-Bitcoin. Ukuthi lo mbono wavela kanjani kwakungacacile kimi.
U-Adam Back kanye nabanye onjiniyela bebexhumana nabanye ozakwabo be-Blockstream e-US ngocingo nangezinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo phakathi nezingxoxo. Ngokusobala babemthukuthelele u-Adamu ngalokho ayekwenza, bethumela imiyalezo ethukuthele futhi bezama ngamandla ukumncenga ukuba ayeke. Ngiyakwazi ukubona uhlobo lwemiyalezo okungenzeka ukuthi bebeyibhala; cishe babephikisana ngokuthi i-Bitcoin kufanele ibe yimali ye-apolitical futhi imithetho akufanele inqunywe ngemuva kwezigcawu zezingxoxo zezombangazwe ezivaliwe. Iphuzu labo elilandelayo lokuphikisana laliyi-hardfork: babekhathazekile ngokuthi u-Adamu nabanye abathuthukisi bazozibophezela ku-hardfork, kuyilapho beqiniseka ukuthi i-SegWit iyindlela engcono kakhulu eya phambili. Noma kunjalo, bakubeke kwacaca ukuthi ngeke babe yingxenye yesivumelwano. Engadikibali ngalokhu, ekholelwa ukuthi lena ukuphela kwendlela yokumisa i-Bitcoin Classic, izingxoxo zaqhubeka.
Iningi lenkulumo-mpikiswano ibigxile esikhathini nokuhleleka kwemicimbi. Ngenxa yokungathembeki, uJihan wayefuna ukuthi i-hardfork yenzeke ngaphambi kweSegWit. Abathuthukisi baphikisana ngokuthi babengenalo ikhono lokuthembisa i-hardfork, njengoba bengazange balawule i-Bitcoin Core, futhi i-Core ayizange ilawule i-Bitcoin. Ababengazibophezela kukho kwakuwukubhala ikhodi. Abanye babavukuzi babelokhu bephindaphinda ukuthi kwakufanele kube ekukhululweni kweBitcoin Core, futhi sazungeza emibuthanweni kuleli phuzu isikhathi esiningi.
U-Samson Mow, owayesebenza kwa-Bobby Lee's BTCC exchange, naye wayekhona emhlanganweni. Ngiyakhumbula ukuthi wayengomunye wabalingisi abaningi ababelandela umbhalo futhi wabhala amanye awo. Ngaleso sikhathi, uSamsoni wayengumvimbi omncane, owayebonakala ejabulela ukuhleka usulu abavimbi abakhulu. Lokhu kumenze waba ngomunye wezibalo eziphambili zenzondo kubavimbi abakhulu, eceleni kukaGregory Maxwell, Adam Back noLuke Dashjr. Ngo-Ephreli 2017, cishe unyaka ngemva kwalesi senzakalo, uSamsoni wayezojoyina i-Blockstream njenge-CSO.
Kwaze kwashaya ihora lesine ekuseni, kwaqhubeka nokuhoxisa amagama ombhalo. Ike yashicilelwa nakwiMedium ngephutha ngesinye isikhathi, kodwa kwadingeka ukuthi yehliswe njengoba olunye lwezinhlangothi lwalungeneme. Ukuqonda kwami ukuthi iseshini ibiqale ngehora leshumi ngoMgqibelo. Wonke umuntu ekamelweni wayekhathele kakhulu, ethukuthele futhi ecindezelekile: indawo ekahle yokuthatha izinqumo ezimbi. Kwaba nomuzwa wokuthi kufanele bavumelane ngokuthile. Njengoba ukukhungatheka kwanda, wonke umuntu wagcina evumelana ngombhalo othile. Kodwa akekho owajabula ngakho. Ngempela, cishe wonke umuntu wayengavumelani nezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zayo. Nokho, ngehora lesihlanu ekuseni akekho obengazixaka ngokuqhubeka nokuhilizisana. Akuzange kungilahlekele, noma kwabanye ekamelweni, ukuthi leli kwakuyisu elivamile elisetshenziswa ezingxoxweni zesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe ukuphoqelela izinhlangothi esivumelwaneni.
Lapho umbhalo usuvunyiwe ekugcineni, wonke umuntu wabuthana embuthanweni phakathi nendawo yegumbi, izandla zabo zonke zifinyelela komunye nomunye, ukuze bathole isithombe esasizobonisa ukuvumelana. Wonke umuntu, okungukuthi, ngaphandle kuka-Adam Back noMatt Corollo, abaqhubeka nokubukeza nokuzindla ngombhalo njengoba leso sithombe esidumile sithathwa. Ubuso bebukhishiwe esithombeni; kwakubonakala izandla kuphela. Iningi labavukuzi libonakale likhululekile futhi limamatheka ngesikhathi kuthathwa isithombe. Ngokuphambene nalokhu, abathuthukisi abaningi babekhathele, ubuso obudangele futhi babheka kude nekhamera.
Indikimba eyinhloko yombhalo okuvunyelwene ngayo imi kanje:
Sizoqhubeka nokusebenzisana nawo wonke umphakathi wokuthuthukiswa kwephrothokholi ye-Bitcoin ukuthuthukisa, esidlangalaleni, imfoloko eqinile ephephile esekelwe ekuthuthukisweni kwe-SegWit. Abanikeli be-Bitcoin Core abakhona ku-Bitcoin Roundtable bazoba nokuqaliswa kwemfoloko eqinile etholakala njengesincomo ku-Bitcoin Core phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu ngemva kokukhululwa kwe-SegWit. Lemfoloko eqinile kulindeleke ukuthi ihlanganise izici okuxoxwa ngazo emiphakathini yezobuchwepheshe, okuhlanganisa nokwenyuka kwedatha yabangebona ufakazi ukuze ibe cishe ku-2 MB, enosayizi ophelele ongekho ngaphezu kuka-4 MB, futhi izokwamukelwa kuphela ngobubanzi. ukwesekwa kuwo wonke umphakathi we-Bitcoin. Uma kukhona ukwesekwa okuqinile komphakathi, ukusebenza kwemfoloko eqinile cishe kuzokwenzeka ngoJulayi 2017. Sizosebenzisa izinhlelo zokuvumelana ezihambisana neBitcoin Core, ekugcineni ziqukethe kokubili i-SegWit kanye nemfoloko eqinile, ekukhiqizeni, ngekusasa elibonakalayo.
Isivumelwano sasinokuthile kuwo wonke umuntu. Yathi i-hardfork "izotholwa ngokusekelwa okubanzi kuwo wonke umphakathi we-Bitcoin". Lokhu bekuyisihluthulelo sabavimbeli abancane, njengoba lona kuwumugqa abangawusebenzisa ukuze baziphendulele. Babengazibophezeli ku-hardfork; kwase kuwumphakathi, yikho ababexabana njalo. Abavimbeli abakhulu babonakala bengayinaki ngokuphelele le ngxenye yesivumelwano. Ngokombono wabo, lowo mugqa kungenzeka ukuthi awuzange ube khona. Ngisho nanamuhla, abavimbeli abaningi abakhulu babonakala bengakunaki. Abavukuzi abasayine isivumelwano bazibophezele ukuthi bazosebenzisa izinhlelo zokuvumelana ezihambisana ne-Bitcoin Core kuphela, ngaleyo ndlela bamise i-Bitcoin Classic emikhondweni yayo. Lokhu kube impumelelo esemqoka yabavimbeli abancane. Ngokombono wabo, okungenani abanye babo, inkinga yayivinjiwe. Ngokuqondene nabavimbeli abakhulu ababekhona emhlanganweni, abathuthukisi bazibophezele ekubhaleni ikhodi ye-hardfork, abavukuzi ababekholelwa ukuthi bazoyigijima ngakho-ke baqhube i-hardfork.
Isivumelwano siphinde sasho lokhu okulandelayo.
Sizosebenzisa ukukhishwa kwe-SegWit ekukhiqizweni ngesikhathi imfoloko eqinile ikhishwa enguqulweni ye-Bitcoin Core._[^5 Ft 2]
U-Jihan ubegcizelele ukufakwa kwaleli gama. Angizange ngikuqaphele lokhu ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa abavimbeli abaningi abakhulu bahumusha lokhu njengokusho ukuthi only bazosebenzisa ukukhishwa kwe-SegWit ekukhiqizeni ngesikhathi i-hardfork enjalo ikhishwa kunguqulo ye-Bitcoin Core. Okunye okumkhathaza kakhulu uJihan emhlanganweni, futhi mhlawumbe ovumelekile, ukuthi i-Bitcoin Core yayingeke ifake i-hardfork, njengoba isivumelwano asizange sizibophezele ukwenza kanjalo. Ngakho-ke, uJihan wayegcizelele leli gama njengesiqiniseko sakhe. Kuye, kwakusho ukuthi i-SegWit ngeke isebenze kuze kube yilapho i-hardfork ikhishwa ku-Bitcoin Core. Ngisho noma isivumelwano sathi ikhodi ye-SegWit izokhishwa ezinyangeni ezintathu ngaphambi kwekhodi ye-hardfork, lokhu ngeke kube nandaba ngokuphathelene no-Jihan, ngoba wayesazolinda lezi zinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba asebenzise ikhodi ye-SegWit. U-Jihan wayehlose ukusebenzisa i-SegWit njenge-chip yezingxoxo ukuze athole i-hardfork. Uma ingekho ikhodi ye-hardfork, ubengazibophezele ekusebenziseni i-SegWit.
Kwabavimba abancane abakhona, abazange bakuthathe lokhu. Kubo, abavukuzi babesebenzisa ikhodi ye-SegWit noma kunjalo, ngoba kwakuyinto efanele ukuyenza. Ukusebenzisa i-SegWit njenge-bargaining chip ukuze uthole i-hardfork kwakungafaneleki. Kubo, lo mugqa esivumelwaneni wawungasho lutho. Babengahlosile ukwenza abavukuzi bazibophezele ku-SegWit; bavele bacabange ukuthi abavukuzi bazofuna i-SegWit noma kunjalo.
Isivumelwano asizange sisixazulule nhlobo lesi simo. Kwagcina kubangele ukungathembani okwengeziwe. Uhlangothi ngalunye lwalunencazelo ehlukile yesivumelwano futhi lwalungakhomba izimbangi zalo bese limsola ngokwephula. Lokhu kwangikhumbuza futhi ngepolotiki kanye nendlela osopolitiki ababechitha ngayo amahora namahora ebusuku bezama ukuvumelana ngocezu lombhalo, bazi ukuthi uhulumeni ngamunye ngamunye unesimo esingalungiseki. Mhlawumbe isibonelo esidume kakhulu salokhu kwakuyisinqumo somkhandlu wezokuphepha weNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, esamukelwa ngoNovemba 1967.
Ukuhoxiswa kwamasosha we-Israel ezindaweni ezikuwo impi yakamuva.[2]
Akuzange kucace ukuthi ngabe lokhu kusho zonke izindawo zezinye zezindawo. Lokhu kungacaci kahle, bekungamabomu ngandlela thize, njengoba izinhlangothi zombili bezingeke zivumelane nesinqumo ukube leso sigwebo besicacile. Nakuba lesi sinqumo singase sibe impumelelo esikhathini esifushane kosopolitiki uqobo, asizange sibonakale sineqhaza ekuthuleni okuhlala njalo, njengoba izinsolo zamaqembu ephula lesi sivumelwano ziqhubeka amashumi eminyaka. Lokhu kungase kube imodeli embi okufanele ilandelwe yi-Bitcoin. Ngalokhu kufaniswa engqondweni yami, ngabona ukuthi isisombululo esinokuthula salokhu kungqubuzana kwe-blocksize, lapho izinhlangothi zombili zizojabula, ngeshwa, kwakungenakwenzeka kakhulu. Lokhu kwakunzima ukukuqonda, njengoba i-Bitcoin yayineminyaka eyisithupha kuphela ubudala. Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba ngiqhathanise lokhu kungaboni ngaso linye nenye yezingxabano zezombangazwe nezenkolo ezingaxazululeki kakhulu emhlabeni, ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha nje kuphela? I-Bitcoin yabelane ngezici eziningi nenkolo, kwabonakala, futhi-ke izinkolo ziyahlukana futhi zihlukana ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngaphandle, izinkolo azizona izimpahla zezezimali futhi awukwazi ukuhwebelana ngazo ngomunye nomunye. Lokhu kwenza ama-dynamics athandeka nakakhulu.
Ngemuva kokuthi isivumelwano sisayinwe sashicilelwa, isinyathelo esilandelayo kwaba ukuthi ababekhona emhlanganweni badayisele izinhlangothi zabo isivumelwano. Lokhu akuzange kuhambe kahle neze. Ngasohlangothini lwabavimbeli abakhulu, abavukuzi babonakale bengamagwala. Ukumisa i-Bitcoin Classic nokuzibophezela ku-Bitcoin Core kwakuphambene ncamashi nalokho okwakufunwa abavimbi abakhulu. Babeqiniseka ukuthi leli kwakungelinye iqhinga eliqinile elivela kubavimbi abancane, futhi i-hardfork yayingeke ikhishwe ku-Bitcoin Core. Ngokuqondene nabavimbi abancane, ayengajabule ngokulinganayo. UGregory Maxwell, u-CTO kanye nomsunguli weBlockstream, lapho u-Adamu engumongameli, wenza imizwa yakhe yacaca, ebhekisela eqenjini emhlanganweni waseHong Kong ngokuthi "ama-dipshits anezisusa ezinhle".
Ukuthi nje ama-dipshits ambalwa aqonde kahle aye e-China ezinyangeni ezimbalwa emuva ukuyofunda nokufundisa ngezinkinga futhi akwazi ukuzivumela ukuba avaleleke ekamelweni kuze kube u-3-4 am baze bavuma mathupha ukuphakamisa i-hardfork ngemva kwe-segwit. Manje balwela ukufeza umsebenzi obonakala ungenakwenzeka wokusekela isivumelwano sabo (yize senziwa ngaphansi kokucindezelwa futhi nakuba i-f2pool yasiphula ngokushesha) kuyilapho belalela izinkolelo zabo siqu futhi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuhlonishwa komphakathi wezobuchwepheshe.[^^ 5Fftn4]
Ukufinyelela ukuvumelana ngendaba kwakuya kuba nzima nakakhulu; lapho lokhu kuqhubeka isikhathi eside, kwaba yilapho abantu beba nenkani futhi begxilile. Kancane kancane, kwancipha mayelana nokwenza okungcono kakhulu kweBitcoin futhi, ngeshwa, okwengeziwe ngokunqoba abaphikisi bakho nokuwina impi. Njengoba ukungqubuzana kwakuqhubeka futhi izingxabano ziqhubeka, uhlangothi ngalunye lwaluqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ngesizathu salo, futhi amathuba okuba kuxazululwe ngokuthula ancipha.
Iningi lama-Bitcoiners libheka lesi sivumelwano, kanye nemicimbi yaseHong Kong, njengehlazo nephutha. Umbono wami, ongase ungahlanganyeli nabaningi, ukuthi izuze okuthile. I-Bitcoin Classic yayidlondlobala kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi: yayisekelwa cishe bonke abadlali abakhulu bemboni, futhi abavukuzi babonakala besondele kakhulu ekuyisekeleni. Besibukeka sizongena enkingeni. Isivumelwano saseHong Kong sisithenge sisuka onqenqemeni.