Impi mayelana ne-Blocksize

Ukugadla Kokuqala

KwakungoMgqibelo, Agasti 15, 2015, lapho kwenzeka okwamangaza abaningi emphakathini we-Bitcoin. Abathuthukisi ababili be-Bitcoin abavelele nabahlonishwayo ngaleso sikhathi, uMike Hearn no-Gavin Andresen, ngokulandelana, babekhiphe futhi baphonse ukwesekwa kwabo ngenguqulo entsha, engahambisani ye-Bitcoin. Leli klayenti elisha lalibizwa nge-Bitcoin XT. I-Bitcoin yayinikeze ithemba elinjalo, isasasa nethuba kwabaningi, futhi manje kwase kubonakala sengathi lesi senzo sasiqinisekile ukuthi sizothumela uhlelo ekuhlakazeni, engozini kanye nenhlekelele engase ibe khona. Njengoba iphephandaba le-Guardian lasho ngoMsombuluko olandelayo:

Izimpi ze-Bitcoin seziqalile ^[1]

Ngaphandle, impi ibibonakala igxile odabeni olulodwa nje oluncane, umkhawulo kasayizi omkhulu wamabhulokhi akha i-blockchain ye-Bitcoin. I-Bitcoin XT yayiyisiphakamiso sokwandisa inani lesikhala esitholakala kumabhulokhi. Ngo-2015, umkhawulo wesayizi ye-bhulokhi wawungu-1 MB futhi i-Bitcoin XT yayifuna ukwandisa lo mkhawulo ku-8 MB bese iphinda kabili njalo eminyakeni emibili kuze kube ngu-2036, lapho umkhawulo wawuzoba ngu-8,000 MB. Isizathu salokhu kwakuwukuthi amabhulokhi ayeba mkhulu njengoba uhlelo lwaluthandwa kakhulu, futhi umkhawulo wesayizi ye-bhulokhi wawuseduze nokufinyelelwa, okwakuzoholela ekuvinjweni okugcwele. Abagqugquzeli balokhu kwanda bathi kwakudingeka amandla aphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-Bitcoin ingakhula futhi ibe uhlelo olushibhile lokukhokha emhlabeni wonke. Babekhathazekile ngokuthi, uma umkhawulo ufinyelelwa njalo, lokhu kuzokwenza inethiwekhi ibe nzima ukuyisebenzisa futhi ibize kakhulu, okuzolimaza amathemba okukhula kohlelo. Ku-Gavin kanye noMike, besingena enkingeni, lapho abasebenzisi bebengaxoshwa khona kunethiwekhi, futhi kudingeka isenzo. Abaphikisi bakaGavin noMike babekhathazekile ngokukhululwa kweklayenti elingahambelani, besaba ukuthi kungase kuhlukanise inethiwekhi kabili, kubangele isiphithiphithi nokudideka.

Le mpi yesayizi ye-bhulokhi yayizohlakaza futhi ihlukanise umphakathi eminyakeni emibili ezayo. Njengoba impi iqhubeka, kwavela ukuthi umzabalazo wawunzima kakhulu kunobukhulu obungangeqi bamabhulokhi; impi yaqonda ngqo emnyombweni wokwakheka kwe-Bitcoin. Umbango wawumayelana nezindaba ezine ezihlobene:

Izinga lesikhala sebhulokhi esitholakala kubhulokhi ngayinye ye-Bitcoin - Ngokuyinhloko, ukuthi isimo ekugcineni kufanele sibe nomthamo oyinsalela otholakala kumabhulokhi, noma amabhulokhi agcwele njalo.
Ilungiswa kanjani imithetho ye-phrothokholi ye-Bitcoin - Ukuthi ingabe imithetho yokuba semthethweni kwamabhulokhi e-Bitcoin kufanele ishintshe kalula uma kuqhathaniswa, noma kufanele ibe namandla futhi ishintshe kuphela ezimeni ezingavamile, ngokusekelwa okubanzi okuvela kubo bonke abathintekayo.
Ukubaluleka kwamanodi abasebenzisi abajwayelekile - Izinga lapho, uma likhona, ama-nodi okuqinisekisa abasebenzisi abajwayelekile abe nezwi ekuphoqeleleni imithetho yephrothokholi ye-Bitcoin.
Izinketho zesikhathi - Ukuthi i-Bitcoin ibifana nesiqalo sobuchwepheshe esifanele sibeke phambili ukuzuza isabelo semakethe esikhathini esifushane; noma uma bekuwumsebenzi wesikhathi eside, imali entsha yomhlaba wonke, futhi umuntu kufanele acabangele amashumi eminyaka ngaphambili lapho enza izinqumo.

Nokho, ngalesisikhathi, kwakugxilwe kakhulu endabeni encane yomkhawulo we-sayizi yebhulokhi. Cishe kube nesivumelwano sendawo yonke emphakathini sokuthi umkhawulo ongu-1 MB wawumncane kakhulu. Nokho, kwakungekho ukuvumelana mayelana nokuthi kufanele kube yini noma indlela yokuyishintsha. Iningi labantu liphinde labonakala livuma ukuthi ukunyuka okuhlongozwayo kwe-Bitcoin XT kwakunolaka kakhulu nokuthi kwakudingeka okuthile okusesilinganisweni.

Ukuvulwa kwale mpi kwenziwa uMike noGavin, ingxenye yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi yikamu ye-“large blocker” ekuphikisaneni. Kwakufanele bathathe isinyathelo sokuqala; phela abamelene nabo babehambisana nesimo. UMike noGavin babenze lesi siphakamiso ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, nokho, kungo-Agasti 2015 lapho iklayenti lakhululwa ngokusemthethweni futhi bakhuthaza abantu ukuthi basiqhube, ngakho-ke yilapho siphawula khona ukuqala ngokusemthethweni kwezingxabano. Lokhu akusho ukuthi uMike noGavin babheka abakwenzayo njengesenzo esinobutha noma benza kabi; Impi yindlela engiyibhala ngayo kule ncwadi.

I-Bitcoin XT yayiwukuqaliswa kwesofthiwe ye-Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 101 (BIP 101), enye yeziningi emgqeni omude weziphakamiso zokwandisa umkhawulo wesayizi ye-bhulokhi. Lesi siphakamiso sanyatheliswa okokuqala ngokusemthethweni nguGavin Andresen, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambili ngoJuni 22, 2015. Isofthiwe ayikwazanga ukumane ikhulise umkhawulo; yayidinga indlela yokwenza kusebenze, uhlelo lokuzama nokuqinisekisa ukuthi inethiwekhi ye-Bitcoin ngokwayo yamukela imithetho emisha. Indlela yokwenza kusebenze ekhethiwe kulesi simo yayihlanganisa usuku lwefulegi kanye nomkhawulo wokusayinda umvukuzi. Iphuzu lokuqala lokuvula lalinguJanuwari 11, 2016, cishe izinyanga ezinhlanu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kudinga ivoti elivela kubavukuzi beBitcoin. Abavukuzi kuzodingeka ukuthi bakhombise ngaphakathi emabhuloki abawakhiqizile ukuthi bathuthukele kulesi siphakamiso. Uma amabhuloki ayi-750 eveza usekelo, kunoma yiliphi iwindi eligoqekayo lamabhulokhi angu-1,000, ukuthuthukiswa kuzosebenza. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kuzoba nenkathi yomusa yamaviki amabili ngaphambi kokuthi umthetho uqale ukusebenza futhi umkhawulo wokuvimba ukhuphuke ekugcineni. Uma abavukuzi bengawufezi lo mkhawulo wamaphesenti angama-75, lesi siphakamiso sizothathwa njengesehluleki.

Isofthiwe ye-Bitcoin XT yayinempikiswano kakhulu ngaphakathi kwekamu elibizwa ngokuthi "i-bhulokhi elincane (small block)", ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokuthi yayiwukuthuthukiswa okungahambelani kwenethiwekhi. Okusho ukuthini lokhu ukuthi noma ngubani osebenzisa inodi ye-Bitcoin node eqinisekisa yonke imithetho kuzodingeka ukuthi athuthukise isofuthiwe yakhe. Uma wonke umuntu engavumanga ukuthuthukisa, ngokusho kombono webhulokhi elincane, lokhu kungabangela ukuthi i-Bitcoin ihlukanise ibe yizinhlamvu zemali ezimbili ezihlukene. Lolu hlobo lokuthuthukisa lubizwa ngokuthi i-hardfork, uhlobo oludlulele kakhulu lokuthuthukisa okungenzeka. Lolu hlobo lokuthuthukisa lungashintsha i-Bitcoin nganoma iyiphi indlela, kusukela ekukhuphuleni umkhawulo wokuhlinzeka nge-Bitcoin ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-21, kuya ekuthatheni noma yiziphi izinhlamvu zemali kunoma yimuphi umnikazi futhi zinike noma ubani omunye. Abasenzisi be-Bitcoin abaningi babenombono ocatshangelwe ngaphambili wokuthi umuntu akakwazi, noma akufanele, enze i-hardfork ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa kuqala ukuthi kukhona ukwesekwa okubanzi kubo bonke abasebenzisi benethiwekhi. Kubo, lesi sici yisona esenze inethiwekhi yakwazi ukumelana nezimo; kwakusho ukuthi akekho owayengaphuca izinhlamvu zemali zabo futhi waqinisekisa ukuthi umthamo wokuhlinzeka ngezigidi ezingu-21 uqinile. Lokhu kwathathwa njengephuzu lonke leBitcoin. Ngakho-ke ukusunduza i-hardfork ngaphandle kokuvumelana kwakubhekwa abanye njengokuhlasela kwenethiwekhi. Abanye ngokusobala abavumanga; bacabanga ukuthi i-Bitcoin idinga ukuguquguquka ukuze iphumelele futhi ikhule futhi, ngokuphathelene nendaba ethile okukhulunywa ngayo, umkhawulo wesayii yebhulokhi, lokhu kwakungelona ushintsho olukhulu. Bacabange ukuletha isamba esiyizigidi ezingama-21 kwakuyisibonelo nje sokukhohlisa.

Ukushuba kwesimo ngalolu daba sekuneminyaka kwakheka emphakathini, kujule ngaphansi komhlaba. Nokho, kuleli qophelo, lo mehluko oyinhloko wemibono wawusobala futhi wadalulwa ukuze wonke umuntu awubone. Njengohlelo oluvulekile, bekungeke kusakwazi ukufihla lokhu kungaboni ngaso linye emphakathini.

Ngo-Agasti 24, 2015, ezinsukwini eziyisishiyagalolunye nje ngemva kokukhululwa kwe-Bitcoin XT, kwakukhona incwadi yokusekelwa eshicilelwe ezinye zezinkampani ezinkulu nezibaluleke kakhulu embonini.

Umphakathi wethu umi ezimpambanweni zemigwaqo. Inkulumo-mpikiswano mayelana nokuthi iyiphi indlela okufanele ithathwe, ngokujwayelekile, ibe nempilo, futhi asizange sizingenele ezikhundleni zethu noma sigxambukele enkulumweni. Kuze kube namuhla, ukuzibandakanya kwethu bekuhlanganisa ukulalela, ukucwaninga nokuhlola.Sikholelwa ukuthi umsebenzi usuphelile, futhi yisikhathi sokuxhumana nombono wethu ngendlela ecacile nesobala. Ngemva kwezingxoxo ezinde nonjiniyela ababalulekile, abavukuzi, amaqembu ethu ezobuchwepheshe, nabanye ababambiqhaza bomkhakha, sikholelwa ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthi sihlele impumelelo ngokukhuphula umkhawulo kasayizi webhulokhi.Siyakweseka ukuqaliswa kwe-BIP101. Sithole izimpikiswano zika-Gavin kukho kokubili isidingo samabhulokhi amakhulu kanye nokuba nokwenzeka kokusetshenziswa kwawo - kuyilapho kuvikela ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Bitcoin - kuyakholisa. Amabhulokhi e-BIP101 kanye ne-8MB asevele esekelwa iningi labavukuzi futhi sinomuzwa wokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuba imboni ihlangane ngemuva kwalesi siphakamiso.Izinkampani zethu zizobe sezilungele ukuthola amabhlogo amakhulu ngoDisemba 2015 futhi sizosebenzisa ikhodi esekela lokhu. Njengoba umphakathi wethu ukhula, kubalulekile - manje kunanini ngaphambili - ukuthi sifune ukuvumelana okuqinile ukuze siqinisekise ukwethembeka kwenethiwekhi. Sithembisa ukusekela i-BIP101 kusofthiwe yethu namasistimu ngo-December 2015, futhi sikhuthaza abanye ukuthi basijoyine.^[2]

Incwadi isayinwe yi-CEO ye-BitPay, Blockchain.info, Circle, Kncminer, itBit, Bitnet, Xapo kanye ne-BitGo. Lezi kwakungezona kuphela ezinye zezinkampani ezinkulu endaweni, kodwa eziningi zazo zazixhaswe kahle futhi zazisekelwa kakhulu. I-BitPay yayingomunye wabacubunguli abakhulu benkokhelo yomthengisi futhi i-Blockchain.info yayiwumhlinzeki wesikhwama wokuqala we-Bitcoin. Le ncwadi yaphinde yabhebhethekisa isimo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bekubalulekile ukuthi imboni izibandakanye nezindaba zentuthuko futhi isize ukuthi izinto zithuthuke, kuyilapho abanye ngakolunye uhlangothi bebheka lokhu njengendlela engalungile. I-Bitcoin kwakufanele iqhutshwe ngendlela ephansi, ephansi iye phezulu, eqhutshwa umsebenzisi; ukunxenxa kusukela phezulu kwehle yizinkampani ezinkulu kwalulaza lonke iphuzu leBitcoin. Ngokwabavimbeli abancane, uGavin bekufanele agxile kakhulu emizamweni yakhe yokunxenxa abasebenzisi kuqala, ezama ukuthola ukuthengwa kwabo kumabhulokhi amakhulu ngaphambi kokucela imboni ukuthi iqhube iklayenti elisha, elingahambelani. Ngokombono wabo, lokhu kwakungase kube kokubili kokuziphatha okuhle futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, okuphumelelayo.

Umuntu angaphinde aphakamise ukuthi uGavin kungenzeka ukuthi wayeqhutshwa ugqhozu lwakhe. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yezingxabano ezikhungathekisayo, kungenzeka ukuthi wayemagange ukukhombisa abanye abathuthukisi amandla nethonya lakhe. Ucele ukwesekwa yilabo abathathwa njengabadayisi abakhulu esikhaleni, imboni. Leli bekuyithuba lokuthi uGavin abonise abathuthukisi abamphikisayo ukuthi ababalulekile, ukuthi izinkampani ezinkulu esikhaleni zazingazi nokuthi zingobani. Akungabazeki ukuthi izimbangi zakhe ziphinde zacasulwa yilokhu, bethi laba badlali basembonini abenzi mehluko.

Manje mhlawumbe isikhathi esifanele sokukhuluma kancane ngoGavin Andresen. I-Bitcoin, vele, idalwe nguSatoshi Nakamoto. Ngokunembayo, uSatoshi waklama uhlelo, wabhala futhi washicilela ukuqaliswa kwereferensi yenqola yokuqala ye-Bitcoin, futhi wabhala i-whitepaper. Ngaphansi kweminyaka emibili ngemva kokwethulwa kwenethiwekhi, ngoDisemba 2010, uSatoshi washiya iphrojekthi. Ngemuva kwaleli phuzu, u-Satoshi akabange esaba nesandla kukhodi futhi wayeka ukwenza imibono yesithangami. UGavin uyachaza ukuthi, engqondweni yakhe, wathatha kanjani isikhundla njengomholi wephrojekthi:

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi [^uSatoshi] wethemba ukwahlulela kwami kukhodi engiyibhalile. Futhi ekugcineni, wangidonsela ngokushesha ngoba wangibuza ukuthi ngabe kulungile yini uma ebeka ikheli lami le-imeyili ekhasini eliyisiqalo le-bitcoin, ngathi yebo, ngingaqapheli ukuthi lapho ebeka ikheli lami le-imeyili lapho, amsuse. Ngangiwumuntu wonke umuntu owayethumela i-imeyili uma efuna ukwazi nge-bitcoin. USatoshi waqala ukuhlehla njengomholi wephrojekthi futhi wangiqhubezela phambili njengomholi wephrojekthi. ^[3]

Ngesikhathi sokunikezwa, isofthiwe yeBitcoin yashicilelwa ku-Sourceforge futhi, ngoJanuwari 2011, abantu ababili bafakwa ohlwini lwabanakekeli, uSatoshi noGavin. I-akhawunti kaGavin yezehlakalo, kunjalo, iyaphikiswa futhi abaphikisana naye bathi abukho ubufakazi obuvela kuSatoshi bezinsolo zokunikezela. Ikakhulukazi, isimangalo "somholi wephrojekthi" sibonakala singenakwenzeka futhi singenasisekelo. I-Bitcoin ayinaye umholi. U-Gavin wayenokulawula inqolobane yesofthiwe ye-Bitcoin ku-Sourceforge, futhi kamuva ku-GitHub, waze wayidlulisela ku-Wladimir Van Der Laan eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, ngo-April 2014. Ukulawulwa kwenqolobane yesofthiwe, yiqiniso, akusho ukulawula i-Bitcoin, njengoba abasebenzisi be-Bitcoin bengasebenzisa noma iyiphi isofthiwe abayithandayo, kunoma iyiphi inqolobane abayithandayo. Lo mbono oyiphutha usalokhu uqhubeka iminyaka. Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi isimangalo sikaGavin sokusuka ku-Satoshi siye kuye siyiqiniso ngandlela thize, noma ngabe izimangalo zobuholi zinehaba kancane.

Kodwa-ke, ukugxila ku-akhawunti ephikisiwe yenguquko esuka ku-Satoshi iye ku-Gavin, noma indima yezobuchwepheshe ka-Gavin namandla maqondana nenqolobane yesofthiwe ye-Bitcoin, igeja iphuzu ngokuphelele. Abantu nhlangothi zombili zempi babelokhu beveza la maphuzu, kodwa kwakungasho lutho ngempela. Ithonya elingenakulinganiswa uGavin abenalo esikhaleni lalingenxa yobuntu bakhe nezici zobuholi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwakunzima kakhulu ukukusho, ngakho abantu bagxile ekutheni uSatoshi wamnikeza kanjani umsebenzi futhi uma. Okubalulekile ekuqondeni indima kaGavin emphakathini ngaleso sikhathi ubuntu bakhe. Ezingxoxweni zakhe zesithangami somphakathi nasemicimbini, uzithole engumuntu onesineke, ocabangayo, ozothile futhi othanda abantu. Yilezi zici zobuntu kanye nezimfanelo zobuholi ezimenze wagqama kwabanye abathuthukisi ngaphezu kwanoma yini enye. Lapho uGavin ekhuluma, abantu babelalela; wayezwakala enengqondo futhi ezinika isikhathi sokuchaza izinto. Lokhu kwakuhluke kakhulu kwabanye onjiniyela, ngezinye izikhathi ababebhekwa njengabangabekezeleli labo abanamazinga abuthakathaka olwazi lobuchwepheshe, noma bancamela ukuhlala ngemuva. U-Gavin ube naleli zinga elicatshangwayo lethonya phezu komphakathi wezobuchwepheshe ngenxa yokuthi wayengubani, hhayi ukunikezwa kwamandla.

UGavin naye ufake isandla kakhulu kuBitcoin eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala. Ngo-2010. U-Gavin wathenga i-Bitcoin engu-20,000 nge-$50. Wabe esedala isimpompi se-Bitcoin, noma iwebhusayithi ukuze anikeze ama-Bitcoins. Okwakufanele abantu bakwenze kwakuwukugcwalisa i-Captcha bese bethunyelwa cishe ama-BTC amahlanu mahhala. Lokhu kube nomthelela omkhulu empumelelweni yenethiwekhi ezinsukwini zakuqala ngokusabalalisa izinhlamvu zemali enanini elikhulu labantu. Abantu babengayiqondi ngempela i-Bitcoin ngaleso sikhathi futhi kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthumela imali yangempela endaweni ethile ukuze bathenge izinhlamvu zemali ohlelweni olungaqinisekisiwe. Ukuqedela i-Captcha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwakuyisinyathelo sokuqala esilula kakhulu. UGavin uphinde wasungula iBitcoin Foundation ngo-2012, ayeyilungu lebhodi layo. Ngaphezu kweminye imisebenzi eminingana, omunye wemithwalo yemfanelo eyinhloko yesisekelo kwakuwukukhokhela u-Gavin ukuze asebenze ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Bitcoin. Ngakho-ke uGavin wayengunjiniyela wokuqala okhokhelwayo we-Bitcoin. UGavin wahlala esisekelweni, enesihloko esithi usosayensi omkhulu, kwaze kwaba maphakathi no-2017.

Kunzima ukugcizelela ngokweqile ukuthi ingakanani inhlonipho uGavin ayenayo kumalungu amaningi omphakathi we-Bitcoin. Abaningi babembheka “njengendoda eyinhloko”. Kwakukhona lezi zingxabano ezijulile, ezishisayo emphakathini wezobuchwepheshe, kodwa umbukeli ovamile wendawo wayengazi okuningi ngalokhu. Kwabaningi, uGavin ubengumuntu obalulekile esikhaleni. Kukulo mongo lapho umuntu kufanele ahlulele isinqumo sikaGavin sokuphonsa ukusekelwa kwakhe ngemuva kukaMike Bitcoin XT futhi akhuthaze abasebenzisi ukuthi bayiqhube. Kwaba umzuzu webhomu ngenxa yokuthi wayengubani uGavin. Ukube omunye umuntu wenze lokho, umthelela ubungeke ube mkhulu kangako futhi azikho izehlakalo ezalandela ebezizokwenzeka.

Ngokuqondene noMike Hearn, naye wayengumthuthukisi we-Bitcoin wakuqala, njengoba eqale ukusebenza ku-Bitcoin njengengxenye yephrojekthi yakhe yesikhathi samahhala esingamaphesenti angama-20 ngenkathi ese-Google. Kodwa-ke, uMike akazange abambe iqhaza ekusetshenzisweni kwereferensi enkulu ngezinga elifanayo nelikaGavin. Ubebhekwa njengomuntu wangaphandle futhi obeka engcupheni kunoGavin, owafika njengomuntu oqaphile, olinganiselayo futhi ongumshayeli wokuvumelana. UMike wayenze umsebenzi omningi ku-Bitcoin, umtapo wolwazi we-Java wokusebenzisana ne-phrothokholi ye-Bitcoin, okwenza izikhwama zamaselula zibe nokwenzeka ngaleso sikhathi. Impela bekuyigalelo elibalulekile nelihlaba umxhwele esikhaleni.

Njengoba impi yayishuba ngo-Agasti 2015, akukho lapho impi eyayishube kakhulu noma enobutha ngaphezu kwezinkundla zokuxhumana. Izinkundla ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuxoxa ngeBitcoin ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyinkundla yeBitcoinTalk kanye ne-Bitcoin subreddit, /r/bitcoin. Inkulumo-mpikiswano nge-Reddit ne-BitcoinTalk ibilokhu ishuba isikhathi eside, kodwa ukwethulwa kwe-Bitcoin XT kwasheshisa ngempela isimo sengxabano. Ngokuvamile, okuningi kokuthunyelwe bekusekela amabhulokhi amakhulu. Umlayezo omkhulu we-bhulokhi wawucacile futhi ulula: i-Bitcoin yayidinga umthamo owengeziwe. Kumuntu obukele nje, izimpikiswano eziphikisana nalokhu, ngokuvamile, beziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi zidida. Futhi phezu kwalokhu, u-1 MB uvele wabonakala njengenombolo ephansi futhi umlando wesayensi yekhompiyutha wawumayelana namandla akhula kakhulu. Njengoba abaningi bekhungatheka, ehlobo lika-2015 izinkundla ze-Bitcoin zazigcwele okuthunyelwe kokusekelwa kwamabhulokhi amakhulu kanye nokusekelwa kwamakhasimende angahambelani. Kwakukhona okuthunyelwe okuningi okuphindaphindiwe kangangokuthi kwase kuba nzima kakhulu ukuthola ezinye izindaba ezihlobene ne-Bitcoin. Ngenxa yalokho, ukumodareyitha kulezi zinkundla kwashuba. Lokhu kulinganisela kubonakale kwehlisa kuphela abanye abavimbeli abakhulu nakakhulu: ngokubona kwabo, inqubomgomo yokulinganisela, noma njengoba beyibona ukuthi ukucwaninga, yayivimbela i-Bitcoin ukuthi ingakhuli.

I-BitcoinTalk kanye /r/bitcoin zombili zazilawulwa ngumuntu oyedwa, ngegama lomsebenzisi elithi Themos. Igama lakhe langempela nguMichael Marquardt. U-Theymos wayekade eyingqalabutho esikhaleni, ephatha bitcoin.it (i-Bitcoin Wiki) kanye nazo zombili izinkundla ezimbili ezinkulu. I-Theymos iphinde yakha iwebhusayithi yokuqala ye-block explorer, ikhasi lewebhu lapho ungabuka khona ulwazi mayelana nokuthengiselana kwe-Bitcoin. Lokhu bekubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kokuqala kwendawo nasekufundiseni abantu ukuthi i-Bitcoin isebenza kanjani. Iwebhusayithi yakhe ye-block explorer, i-blockexplorer.com, yagcina idliwe yi-blockchain.info cishe ngo-2011, ngenxa yezithombe ezintsha nezingcono kakhulu ze-blockchain.info. U-Theymos ubonakale ezwela kakhulu ikamu elincane le-block, okungenani isici sayo esasisho ukuthi kwakunengqondo ukuba nesivumelwano esisabalele emphakathini wonke ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amakhasimende angahambelani.

Ngo-Agasti 17, 2015, ezinsukwini ezimbili ngemva kokwethulwa ngokusemthethweni kwe-Bitcoin XT, i-Theymos yamemezela inqubomgomo entsha yokulinganisa i-Reddit. Le nqubomgomo ibonakale iphikisana kakhulu futhi ihlukanisa phakathi. Ukukhululwa kweklayenti le-Bitcoin XT nakho kukhuthaze ukwanda okukhulu kwenani lokuthunyelwe, bese kuba ukumodareyithwa okunonya kwalokhu okuthunyelwe, okudinga incazelo.

I-r/Bitcoin ikhona ukuze isebenze i-Bitcoin. I-XT izothi, uma i-hardfork yayo icushiwe, ihlukane ne-Bitcoin futhi yakhe inethiwekhi/imali ehlukile. Ngakho-ke, yona kanye nezinsizakalo ezisekelayo akufanele zivunyelwe ku-r/Bitcoin. Esimeni esingenakwenzeka kakhulu sokuthi iningi lomnotho we-Bitcoin lishintshele ku-XT futhi kunombono oqinile wokuthi i-XT iyi-Bitcoin yeqiniso, khona-ke isimo sizoshintsha futhi kufanele sivumele ukuthunyelwa okuhlobene ne-XT kuphela. Kuleso simo, incazelo ye "Bitcoin" izobe ishintshile. Akunangqondo ukusekela amanethiwekhi/izimali ezimbili ezingahambelani - kukhona i-Bitcoin eyodwa kuphela, futhi i-r/Bitcoin isebenzisa i-Bitcoin kuphela.Uma i-hardfork inesivumelwano esivumelana ngazwi linye esivela kochwepheshe be-Bitcoin futhi futhi isekelwa iningi labasebenzisi be-Bitcoin nezinkampani, singabikezela ngokunemba okuphezulu ukuthi le nethiwekhi/imali entsha izothatha umnotho futhi ibe incazelo entsha ye-Bitcoin. (Abavukuzi abasho lutho kulokhu, futhi akulona noma yiluphi uhlobo lwevoti.) Lolu hlobo lwe-hardfork lungase lwamukelwe ku-r/Bitcoin ngokushesha nje lapho sekunqunywe ukuthi i-hardfork ayiphikisani ngokuphelele nomoya weBitcoin (inflating). ngaphandle kweshejuli, isibonelo. Okwamanje, kuzohlala kunezingxabano eziningi kakhulu kunoma iyiphi i-hardfork ekhulisa usayizi webhulokhi enkulu, kodwa lokhu cishe kuzoshintsha njengoba kunenkulumo-mpikiswano nokucwaninga okwengeziwe, futhi njengoba indawo yokuvimba empeleni iba yindlala. Ngibone uhlobo oluthile lokwenyuka oluthola ukuvumelana ngokushesha ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, nakuba bekuzodingeka kube kuncane kakhulu kunokwenyuka kwe-XT ukuze wonke umuntu avumelane ngakho maduzane.Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwengxoxo ye-Bitcoin hardfork ehlongozwayo (eyayivame ukuvunyelwa lapha ngaphambilini, nakuba ngingavumelani kakhulu nezinto eziningi ezithunyelwe) kanye nesofthiwe ephromothayo ehlelelwe ukuthi ihlukane ibe yinethiwekhi/imali eqhudelanayo. Lokhu kwakamuva kuphambene nemithetho emisiwe ye-r/Bitcoin, kanti nakuba ubuchwepheshe be-Bitcoin buzoqhubeka busebenza kahle kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abantu benzani, ngisho nomzamo wokuhlukanisa i-Bitcoin ngale ndlela uzolimaza umphakathi nomnotho we-Bitcoin.Uma abasebenzisi abangu-90% be-r/Bitcoin bethola lezi zinqubomgomo zingenakubekezelelwa, ngakho-ke ngifuna laba basebenzisi abangu-90% be-r/Bitcoin bahambe. Kokubili i-r/Bitcoin nalaba bantu bayojabula kakhulu ngakho. Angifuni laba bantu benze uchungechunge oluphula imithetho, bafuna ushintsho, bacele ukuvotelwa phezulu, bahlasele omengameli, njll. Ngaphandle kokungqubuzana okuthile kwangempela, ngeke ukholise noma ubani nganoma ibuphi ubuchopho - uyamosha nje. Isikhathi sakho nesethu. Imithetho yesikhashana emelene ne-sayizi ye-bhulokhi nengxoxo yokulinganisela ngokwengxenye yakhelwe ukukhuthaza abantu okufanele bashiye i-r/Bitcoin ukuthi benze njalo ukuze i-r/Bitcoin ikwazi ukubuyela ebhizinisini lokuxoxa ngezindaba ze-Bitcoin ngokuthula.^[4]

Imithetho emisha ye-Bitcoin subreddit yayicacile: njengoba i-Bitcoin XT yayingenakho ukuvumelana phakathi kwabasebenzisi futhi yayiwushintsho olungahambelani, futhi ngenxa yalokho yayizoholela emalini entsha, ukukhuthazwa kwesofthiwe kwavinjelwa ku-subreddit. Lokhu kwabhebhethekisa ngokucacile abaningi ababizwa ngokuthi abavimbeli abakhulu. Kubo, i-Bitcoin Reddit kwakuyinkundla yezingxoxo eyinhloko emphakathini, futhi ukunxenxa uguquko ababelufisa kule nkundla kwakuyiyona ndlela ababecabanga ngayo ukuthi lolu shintsho luzokwenzeka. Izimpikiswano ezimelene nokuqindezelwa zaqala ukushuba futhi zabonakala ziphoqa. Uma umuntu engakwazi ukukhankasela ushintsho ngenxa yokuntula ukuvumelana, pho singake sifinyelele kanjani esivumelwaneni? Kwakuyisimo sokubamba-22! Wayengubani u-Thememos ukuthi anqume lapho sifinyelela ukuvumelana noma kunjalo? I-Bitcoin ingeyami njengoba nje ingeyakhe! Uma babenezingxabano ezinhle, kungani-ke bephendukela ekuhloleni? Uma i-Bitcoin intekenteke kangangokuthi idinga lokhu kuhlolwa, i-Bitcoin kufanele ibe buthaka futhi ingenamsebenzi. Uma befuna ukuvimba i-Bitcoin XT, kufanele-ke kube kuhle... Futhi nokunye...

Ukuze uqonde ngempela izinga lokufutheka ngokumelene ne-Theymos, umuntu kufanele acabangele ukuthi obani abaningi abasebenzisi be-Bitcoin, okungenani labo abahlanganyele ngokwanele ukulandela le mpikiswano. Ngokuvamile kwakungama-anarcho-capitalists noma ama-libetarians, abeseka kakhulu inkulumo ekhululekile. Kwakulula ukubona ukuthi kungani umlayezo omelene nokucwaninga uzwakala kulesi sigaba somphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu abaningi bajoyina i-Bitcoin ngoba bazizwa benqanyuliwe ngohlelo lwezezimali lwefa. Amabhange amakhulu ahlanganyele ezinqubweni eziningi ze-Bitcoiners ezingavumelani kakhulu nazo, isibonelo izinhlelo zokunciphisa inani noma ezinye izinqubomgomo zezimali zokwandisa. Abasebenzisi be-Bitcoin ngokuvamile abezwa izwi labo linganakwa lapho bezwakalisa ukuphikisana nalezi zinqubomgomo, noma kuthathwa njengokungafanele. Yingakho abaningi baba abasebenzisi be-Bitcoin kwasekuqaleni; babenomuzwa wokuthi kulokhu imali yethu, hhayi eyabo! Kulokhu izwi lethu lizobala! Ukukhungatheka kwabo kanye nezinga lentukuthelo ngokuthuliswa kwamazwi abo ku-Bitcoin ngakho-ke kwakukhulu.

Umphumela wale nqubomgomo yokulinganisa kwaba ukuhlukaniswa kabili komphakathi we-Bitcoin. Labo abavimbayo abakhudlwana bathuthela kwenye i-Bitcoin subreddit, /r/btc. Baphinde bashiya kancane kancane i-BitcoinTalk futhi badlulela kwezinye izinkundla ezifana ne-Bitcoin. Izinga lokuxoxisana phakathi kwezinhlangothi lancipha kancane kancane futhi abantu bachitha isikhathi esiningi bekhuluma nalabo abavumelana nabo. Ngakho-ke umphakathi waba nempilo encane kakhulu futhi ukuchema kokuqinisekisa kwaba yinkinga enkulu.

Kulula ukusola u-Baymos ngalokhu kuhlukana. Kodwa-ke, uma ubheka ukuthi eminye imiphakathi ithuthuka kanjani ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, mhlawumbe bekungenakugwemeka ngandlela thize. Abantu bavame ukuthanda ukufunda izinto abavumelana nazo futhi balandele abantu abavumelana nabo. Ukuchema kokuqinisekisa kufaka kakhulu ezinkundleni zokuxhumana futhi kubangela ukuhlukaniswa. Mhlawumbe isibonelo esidume kakhulu salokhu yizombangazwe, lapho abaphiko kwesokudla kanye nabangakwesokunxele ngokufanayo beqhubeka befunda izindaba eziyiqiniso endaweni yesikhulumi abazikhethele sona, esisekela imibono yabo yokuqala kanye nemibono. Abantu baya begxila kakhulu emibonweni yabo futhi banokuchayeka okulinganiselwe kuzimpikiswano eziphikisayo. Kulesi sigaba, ngokuchayeka ezimpahleni nasezintweni ezisekelayo, abantu nhlangothi zombili zokungqubuzana abakwazi ukukholelwa ukuthi noma ubani angaba nombono ophikisayo ngokusemthethweni. Ngakho-ke labo abanombono ophikisayo bavame ukucatshangwa ukuthi bayisiphukuphuku, abakhohlakele noma bane-ajenda engcolile. Lawa mandla aqala ngokushesha ukudlala ku-Bitcoin. Uma kubhekwa iqiniso lokuthi lezi zinguquko zibonakala zenzeka kuzo zonke izinkundla zokuxhumana, kungase kube wubuwula ukusola u-Themos ngalesi sigameko esenzekayo, nakuba adlale indima yakhe ekuhlukaniseni umphakathi, njengabanye abaningi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zodweshu.

Ukufunda okuthunyelwe kwenqubomgomo yokulinganisa ka-Theymos futhi, kuyacaca ukuthi iqukethe izinto eziningi, ezazingaziswa kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Ngezindlela eziningi, waboniswa enembile futhi ngaphambi kwesikhathi sakhe. I-Bitcoin XT kungenzeka ukuthi ibangele uhlamvu lwemali olusha oluqhudelanayo, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuvumelana. Mhlawumbe bekulungile ukuhlukanisa inqubo yokuthuthukisa ibe yizinyathelo ezimbili: okokuqala, thola ukuvumelana ngoshintsho phakathi kwabasebenzisi, bese ukhulumela ukusebenzisa iklayenti elisha elingasebenzisani. Namuhla, inqubo yokuthuthukisa ibonakala icace kakhudlwana: uma umuntu efuna ukukhulula iklayenti elingahambisani, kunezindlela ezimbili ezingaba khona ongakhetha kuzo:

Dala olunye uhlamvu lwemali olusha oluhlukile ku-Bitcoin, olungadingi isivumelwano esisabalele emphakathini wonke; noma
Cela ukuvumelana ngaphambi kokumela ukuthi noma ngubani aphathe iklayenti elisha. Kuphela uma kufinyelelwa ukuvumelana okusabalele lapho abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa iklayenti elisha, bese uhlamvu lwemali olusha lwaziwa ngokuthi yi-Bitcoin.

Manje sekuqondakala kabanzi ukuthi ukwehluleka ukuhambisana neyodwa yalezi zindlela ezimbili kungabangela ukuhlukana okungcolile. Ngeshwa, ngaleso sikhathi, loku kuhluka okuningi alawa kwkungaziwa. Ngakho-ke abavimbeli abakhulu bathatha indlela egcwele udaka, bengaqiniseki ukuthi bafuna isivumelwano kuwo wonke umuntu noma cha.

Kulezi zigaba zokuqala zengxabano, kwabonakala kusobala ukuthi abavimbeli abakhulu babeyinqoba impi futhi bethuthuka. Babonakala benomlayezo ocacile, olula kanye neningi labasebenzisi ohlangothini lwabo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umlayezo wokulwa nokucwaninga wawuzuza ngokuphawulekayo.

Kodwa-ke, kwabonakala futhi ukuthi, lapho bebuzwa, abaningi bacabanga ukuthi isiphakamiso sesayizi yebhulokhi ye-Bitcoin XT singase sibe nolaka kakhulu, mayelana nokukhiya ukukhuphuka kwesayizi yebhulokhi kuya ku-8,000 MB eminyakeni elandelayo emashumi amabili ngesimiso esinqunyiwe. Phela, wayengubani uMike Hearn ukuba anqume lokhu? Futhi wayezokwazi kanjani ukuthi kuzokwenzekani esikhathini esizayo, lapho indawo yayidume kabi ngoshintsho olusheshayo futhi olungalindelekile? Kwabaningi, ukwenyuka okulula nokulinganiselwe kwenza umqondo owengeziwe. Nakuba cishe wonke umuntu wayefuna ukwanda komkhawulo, abantu abaningi babonakala becabanga ukuthi i-Bitcoin XT izohluleka futhi esinye isiphakamiso esilinganiselwe sizogcina siphumelele. Kwabaningi abavimbeli abakhulu, i-Bitcoin XT kwakuyisinyathelo esidingekayo ukuze impikiswano iqhubeke futhi isebenze njengo-gqozi wokukhuthaza isiphakamiso esiphikisayo. Mhlawumbe lokhu bekungokokuqala kwamaphutha amaningi abalulekile avela ekamu elikhulu labavimbeli. Ingabe ngempela umuntu uzama ukunqoba impi ngokuhlulwa empini yokuqala?

# Impi mayelana ne-Blocksize

# Ukugadla Kokuqala

Impi mayelana ne-Blocksize

Ukugadla Kokuqala